Colored contact lenses are safe to use but come with risks if not handled properly or purchased from unregulated sources. 

In 2005, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) classified all contact lenses, including colored lenses, as medical devices, and for good reason—they’re dangerous if not properly fitted and handled. By requiring a prescription and FDA regulation, the goal is to ensure the safety and well-being of users, preventing serious eye conditions such as infections, abrasions, and long-term vision damage. 

What are Colored Contact Lenses?

Colored contact lens is a type of contact lens designed to change or enhance the appearance of the wearer’s eye color. Some colored lenses also have corrective properties to improve vision, much like standard contact lenses. However, others are purely cosmetic and do not correct vision.

Colored contact lenses have a layer of color embedded within the lens material. The colored portion of the lens lies over the iris (the colored part of the eye), while the central part of the lens remains clear, allowing the pupil to see through it. The pigments used are non-toxic and are designed to mimic the natural patterns found in the iris, creating a natural-looking effect.

Types of Colored Contact Lenses

• Visibility Tint – These lenses have a faint tint (usually light blue or green) to make them easier to handle during insertion and removal. They do not change the color of the eyes and are primarily for functional purposes.
• Enhancement Tint – These lenses are slightly darker than visibility tint and are meant to enhance the wearer’s natural eye color. They are typically suited for people with light-colored eyes who want to intensify the existing shade rather than fully change their eye color.
• Opaque Tint – Opaque lenses have a solid color that can completely change the eye’s natural color. These are available in shades of blue, green, hazel, brown, and even more exotic colors like violet or amethyst. Opaque lenses are popular for cosmetic and fashion purposes.
• Special Effect or Theatrical Lenses – Also known as costume or novelty lenses, these are opaque-colored lenses designed to create dramatic or fantasy looks. They are often used in movies or for special occasions like Halloween. Some common types include lenses that give a “cat-eye” effect or solid white lenses that make the entire eye appear white.  

Are Colored Contact Lenses Safe?

Colored contact lenses, both prescription and non-prescription, are safe if used correctly and sourced from reliable providers. However, there are important considerations to keep in mind, especially with non-prescription or “cosmetic” lenses, which are often purchased without a proper eye exam or fitting.

Potential Risks of Using Colored Contact Lenses

There are several potential risks, particularly when using non-prescription or poorly fitted lenses. These risks range from minor discomfort to serious eye complications, including infections, corneal damage, and even vision loss.

Eye Infections

One of the most common risks of wearing colored contact lenses is eye infections. These infections often result from poor hygiene, such as improper storage or hygiene, such as failing to clean the lenses or hands properly before handling the lenses. Bacteria, fungi, or other microorganisms can accumulate on the lenses and, when placed in the eye, lead to infections.

Corneal Abrasions and Ulcers

If colored contact lenses are not properly fitted to the individual’s eyes, they can rub against the cornea, causing corneal abrasions. These scratches can be painful and increase the risk of developing more severe infections. Opaque-colored lenses, in particular, which completely cover the natural iris, may have slightly thicker material, thus increasing the likelihood of rubbing and discomfort compared to regular lenses.

Allergic Reactions

Some people may experience allergic reactions to the materials used in colored contact lenses, including the dyes or the lens material itself. Symptoms of an allergic reaction may include itching, redness, swelling, and excessive tearing. Continued use after an allergic reaction can exacerbate symptoms and lead to more serious complications.

Reduced Oxygen in the Cornea

Contact lenses, including colored lenses, can reduce the amount of oxygen that reaches the cornea. Since the cornea does not have a blood supply, it relies on oxygen from the air. When lenses restrict oxygen flow, it can lead to conditions such as hypoxia. Prolonged hypoxia can cause blood vessels to grow into the cornea (a condition called neovascularization), leading to long-term damage and reduced vision.

Discomfort and Dry Eyes

Poorly fitted lenses or wearing them for too long can lead to significant discomfort. Common complaints include dryness, irritation, and the sensation of something being stuck in the eye. This discomfort can be more pronounced with colored lenses due to their thicker material.

How to Safely Use Colored Contact Lenses

While colored contact lenses are generally safe to use, it’s important to follow proper hygiene practices and regular care. Below are tips on how to use colored contact lenses safely:

Consult an Eye Care Professional

Before purchasing colored contact lenses, have an eye exam and consult an eye care professional. Even if you don’t need vision correction, an eye doctor can evaluate the size, shape, and health of your eyes to ensure the lenses fit properly.

Purchase from Reputable Sources

Cheaper, unregulated lenses often use inferior materials that can cause irritation, infection, or long-term damage. Always buy colored contact lenses from a reputable source, such as an optometrist, licensed retailer, or a pharmacy that requires a prescription. Avoid buying lenses from costume shops, beauty stores, or online marketplaces that do not require a prescription, as these products may not meet safety standards.

Follow Proper Cleaning and Storage Practices

Always wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water before handling your lenses. Dry them with a lint-free towel to avoid transferring bacteria to your eyes. Disinfect your lenses using a fresh, sterile contact lens solution and never use tap water, saliva, or homemade solutions.

Wear Lenses for the Recommended Time

Colored contact lenses, like regular contacts, are designed to be worn for specific durations. Adhering to these limits is essential to prevent eye strain and complications. Some lenses are meant to be worn only during the day, while others may be suitable for extended wear (e.g., overnight or multiple days).

Whether you are using daily disposables, bi-weekly, or monthly lenses, it’s crucial to replace them as recommended by your eye care professional. Wearing lenses past their recommended use can cause deposits to build up, increasing the risk of irritation and infection.

Never Share Your Lenses

Sharing colored contact lenses with others, even for a short time, is unsafe. Doing so can transfer bacteria or other microorganisms between users, significantly increasing the risk of infection.

Watch for Signs of Discomfort or Infection

Be attentive to any signs of discomfort or irritation while wearing colored contact lenses. If you experience any of the following symptoms, remove the lenses immediately and consult an eye care professional.

Symptoms to Watch Out For:

• Redness or swelling
• Excessive tearing or discharge
• Blurry vision or sensitivity to light
• Persistent discomfort or the sensation of a foreign object in the eye

Avoid Wearing Lenses During Certain Activities

Avoid wearing lenses in pools, lakes, or oceans, as water can harbor bacteria and parasites. If you must wear lenses while swimming, use waterproof goggles. Also, remove lenses before showering to prevent exposure to tap water, which can introduce harmful microorganisms like Acanthamoeba, a parasite that can cause serious infections.

Takeaway

Colored contact lenses are safe to use. However, like regular contact lenses, colored contact lenses are medical devices that require strict hygiene and handling practices to avoid serious complications. Maintaining hygiene by cleaning, storing, and handling the lenses correctly reduces the risk of infections, corneal damage, and allergic reactions. Always consult with an eye care professional, use approved cleaning solutions, buy from reputable sources like Contacts America, and follow recommended wear times to protect your eyes.